TRANSFORMER AND PARTS OF TRANSFORMER AND ITS WORKING

TRANSFORMER

A trans former is an electrical device which can convert electrical energy from one coil to another coil.the transformer is working on the principle of mutual induction .the transformer basically consist of two coils called primary and secondary coil these coils are wound on iron core.the alternating voltage,which is to be transferred is applied in the primary coil.this produce changing magnetic flux in the iron core which produce an alternative e.m.f in the secondary coil.the induced e.m.f in the coil are directly proportional to the respective no of turn in the coil.

Transformer was invented by Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry showed it to the world in 1831. Transformers in Hindi are called transformers. It’s simple use is as the transformer reduces the voltage such that a device operates on a 12 volt direct current, then the transformer reduces the alternating current coming in our house to 220 volt to 12 volt. This is 12 volt of alternating current Let's use rectifier to convert it to dc It is called a stationary device because it does not have any moving part or no moving part. The transformer works on the principle of reciprocal induction and reciprocal induction is not possible in direct current, so the transformer cannot be used in direct current.

Working of transformer -
The transformer has three parts consisting of a metallic core and two winding's which are made of very good conductive metal such as copper, winding plays the main role in the transformer. When the alternating current is flowing in the primary coil in the transformer, the magnetic field is created in the core whose value varies, the secondary coil is wrapped in the same core, it also changes the magnetic flux passing through the secondary coil, which causes electrical changes The change in magnetic flux from the principle of magnetic induction results in a secondary coil Flow starts flowing.

1)The alternating current produced in the second coil is proportional to the magnitude flux.

2)The direction of current generated can be determined by the flue rule of the right hand.

3)The recurring current in the second coil will be similar to the current flowing in the first coil.

This reaction produces electromagnetic induction from the secondary coil in the secondary coil with an alternate voltage of the same frequency as the frequency we had applied to the primary winding.

Transformer parts

Core of transformer - The core in the transformer is in the middle. It is made of laminated steel plates which are of strip type. There is a minimum Air Gap between all these leaves. It reduces the currents. Winding is wrapped around the core
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Winding - Winding The wires that are rotated are called winding. Single phase transformers have two winding, one is primary winding and the other is secondary winding and if the transformer is three phase then it has three primary winding and three secondary winding all from the insulated layer. Stays in contact with each other

Transformer Conservator  tank  - the Conservator tanks are used in high power transformers, they are small. You must have seen that this Conservator tank is upside down in the transformer, in which the hot transformer oil cools and goes back.

Breather in transformer - It is connected to the Conservator tank, it is used for breathing of the transformer. The air inside and outside the transformer goes through the breather.

Valves of transformers - Oil is poured into the transformer by valves and exhaled from the valve.
   

Steel tank of transformer - The core of the steel tank transformer is core, winding etc.. Everything is in it. This transformer is filled with oil, it is cylindrical or cubic. It depends on the inner vault of the transformer.

Cooling Tube - Cooling tube in which transformer oil flows, it acts like a radiator and cools the oil.

Thermometer - The thermometer measures the temperature of the transformer oil and winding in the transformer and the alarm rings when too large.