RECTIFIER,HALF WAVE RECTIFIER AND FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

RECTIFIER,HALF WAVE RECTIFIER AND FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

RECTIFIER

An electronic device that used to convert Alternative Currents to direct current . Rectifiers are used in many circuits. Wherever we have to change AC to DC voltage, we have to use rectifier. This rectifier uses diode to convert such supply to DC or you can say that diode is used to make rectifier.  And there are mainly 2 types of rectifiers:-

·         Half wave rectifier

·         Full wave rectifier

Half Wave Rectifier -This rectifier is able to rectify only half the cycle of AC supply. Step down transformers are used in this rectifier Which are connected to the diode. The circuit diagram of this Half Wave Rectifier is given below.
First the main supply voltage is given to the transformer from there, if the step down is used by the transformer, it will reduce the voltage and send it to the diode. In the photo given here, we have shown step down transformer because in general it is the transformer that reduces the voltage for the rectifier. Whether it's a simple battery charger or  if you want to run a device with it. This rectifier has only one diode which is connected in series above the secondary winding of the transformer. And this diode prevents the Reverse Bias Current. That is why it only allows Half Wave to pass , hence this rectifier is called Half Wave Rectifier.

Working Of  Half Wave Rectifier - When voltage is given by the transformer on the rectifier, it is both positive and negative cycle but it only allows the Positive Half Cycles to go forward due to the rectifier diode. And stops the negative Half  Cycles. Because the diode Half positive cycle coming in the rectifier will be in the Forward Bias position and will pass that cycle. But as soon as the Half Negative Cycle arrives on the diode, it will enter the Reverse Bias position and will not pass that Half Negative Cycle.

Full wave rectifier - Two diodes are used in this circuit. The anodes of both diodes are connected to both ends of the secondary winding of a middle end transformer. Each diode maintains a load current by working one diode. Because full-wave DC is used in this rectifier, this circuit is called full-wave rectifier.

In this, both diodes are connected to the secondary winding of the load resistor and the transformer in such a way that half of the secondary winding is connected in the circuit of each diode and the circuits of both diodes are completed by the common load resistor RL.

 In the first  positive half cycle, the anode of diode D1. Will be positive and the electrons flow in the circuit from the cathode of D1 to the upper part of the anode secondary winding And the load resistor will be from RL. At this time diode D2 will be inactive In negative half cycle, diode D1 will become inoperative but due to the bottom end of secondary winding being positive, the electron flow will start from diode D2. The electron current in the circuit will be at the bottom of the anode secondary winding of the cathode of D2 and the load resistor RL. It should be noted that the direction of current flow is opposite to that of electron flow.
Thus, due to alternating operation of both diodes, the output is obtained for each semi-cycle and the current flow in the output is constant. Due to two times the ripple frequency of this rectifier circuit, the output current remains constant, the efficiency of this circuit is high and the DC in the core works due to magnetic current saturation due to the current in opposite directions in the two sections of the secondary winding of the transformer.